Septic tanks can be located up to 100 feet from a house. However, they must be located within 500 feet of the house if the home is on a well.
A septic tank can be up to 300 feet from a house. However, the farther the septic tank is from the house, the more difficult it will be to properly maintain and service. So it's important to find a balance between having the tank too close (where you might run into problems with smells or pests) and having it too far away (where you might have trouble accessing it when it needs maintenance).