Soil has a variety of engineering properties that can be exploited when designing civil engineering projects. These include the following: -Soil can resist and transmit loads, making it suitable for use in foundations, retaining walls, and other load-bearing structures. -Soil can be used to create slopes and embankments for roads and railways. -Soil can filter water and help control floodwater. -Soil can provide thermal insulation. -Soil can be used as an energy source.

Soil engineering is the application of engineering principles to the design and construction of soil stabilization, soil improvement, or soil remediation projects. Soil mechanics is the study of the physical and mechanical properties of soils. It is used in the design and analysis of foundations, earth retaining structures, roads, and other civil engineering projects.